AI

2025 closes with two publications that, read together, provide a comprehensive picture of the ongoing transformations in the online search sector. EPRS analyzes the macro-systemic impact on the open web, while Gartner focuses on the security risks of agentic browsers. The convergence of these perspectives reveals a transformation affecting online search as critical infrastructure, with implications for the digital market, data protection, cybersecurity, and the European regulatory framework.

On December 17, 2025, the European Commission publishes the first draft of the Code of Practice on the AI Act for marking and labelling AI-generated content. The document, structured in two sections dedicated to providers and deployers, establishes concrete rules to ensure transparency of deepfakes and synthetic content. Consultation open until January 23, 2026, with finalization expected by June 2026 and entry into force on August 2, 2026.

On December 9, 2025, the Council of the European Union agreed on an amendment to the EuroHPC regulation to create up to 5 AI Gigafactories. Complete analysis of the Cloud and AI Development Act and its three strategic pillars: research and innovation, data center investments, and European digital sovereignty.

The Digital Omnibus Package introduces profound changes to GDPR and cookie rules: new consent exceptions, automated signals, and legitimate interest for AI training. Critical analysis of implications for privacy and fundamental rights.

On November 19, 2025, the European Commission published the Digital Omnibus on AI, a proposal to amend the AI Act introducing significant simplifications: flexible timelines, centralized governance at the AI Office, extension of privileges to mid-caps, and new rules on sensitive data processing for bias mitigation.

Guide to Legal Prompting techniques for legal professionals: from the anatomy of an effective prompt to advanced techniques (Chain-of-Thought, RAG), with a focus on GDPR compliance, hallucination risks, open source vs. cloud models, and best practices for law firms. Includes in-depth analysis of the limitations of RAG (Stanford Study 2025) and operational guidelines for the safe use of LLMs in the legal field.

A European Parliament study commissioned by the ITRE Committee analyzes the interactions between the AI Act and the EU digital legislative framework, highlighting regulatory overlaps, regulatory complexity and recommendations to ensure the competitiveness of the European AI industry.

In-depth analysis of the new EDPS guidelines (version 2) on the use of generative AI systems and compliance with Regulation (EU) 2018/1725. 16 key questions for EU institutions and bodies.

Video of the conference held on October 10, 2025 in Rome for the presentation of the book ‘Artificial Intelligence, Privacy and Neural Networks: The Balance Between Innovation, Knowledge and Ethics in the Digital Age’.

Disclosure requirements on AI systems for Italian professionals: A Free Tool for Compliance with Italian Law 132/2025 From October 10, 2025, in Italy, a new regulatory obligation will come into force for all professionals who use artificial intelligence systems in the course of their work. Article 13 of Italian Law 132/2025 introduces a transparency requirement that requires professionals to inform clients about the use of AI in clear, simple, and comprehensive language. ...